근골격계 질환/하지
Risser sign
Re-Happy-Doc
2008. 10. 16. 16:03
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See Also
- Tanner Stage
- Indications
- Skeletal Maturity estimation in Scoliosis evaluation
- Scoliosis progression risk related to skeletal maturity
- Physiology
- Iliac apophysis calcification begins at Puberty
- Calcification completed over 2 year period
- Completed with apophysis fusion to iliac crest
- Calcification (or ossification) begins anterolaterally
- Anterior superior iliac spine is first to calcify
- Calcification progresses posteromedially
- Grading (based on iliac crest divided into 4 quadrants)
- Risser 1: 25% iliac apophysis ossification
- Anterior Superior iliac spine (anterolateral)
- Seen in prepuberty or early Puberty
- Risser 2: 50% iliac apophysis ossification
- Ossification extends halfway across iliac wing
- Seen immediately before or during growth spurt
- Risser 3: 75% iliac apophysis ossification
- Risser 4: 100% iliac apophysis ossification
- Adjacent to sacroiliac joint (posteromedial)
- Indicates slowing of growth
- Risser 5: Iliac apophysis fuses to iliac crest
- Indicates cessation of growth